English

By Irina , 18 October 2013

If or whether in reported speech (questions)

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yes \ no questions

When we report yes \ no questions, we use a noun clause beginning with if or whether and we use the word order of a statement:

"Can I leave the room?" I asked. - I asked if \ whether I could leave the room.

 

 

We MUST use whether, not if

  • when we are asking someone to make a choice:

"Do you want coffee or tea?" they asked. - They asked me whether I wanted coffee or tea.

 

  • when we include the phrase or not. We use whether ... or not to emphasise the necessity for an answer, often because we are irritated or angry:

 

"Are you going to tell me the answer or not?" she said. - She asked him whether he was going to tell her the answer or not.

"Is he coming or not?" - Did he say whether he was coming or not?

By Irina , 12 May 2013

Theatre

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English
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Театральная лексика

Содержание

Типы театров
Типы спектаклей
Помещение театра
Зрительный зал
Действие
Актеры и персонал
Публика
 

Types of theatre

open-air theatre

Opera House

Ballet House

puppet theatre - кукольный театр

amateu theatre - самодеятельный театр

pantomime theatre

circus

conservatoire

Philarmonic

variety theatre - театр эстрады

dramatic society - драматический кружок

 

Theatre genres and kinds of performances

variety show - эстрадное представление, варьете

vaudeville

melodrama

symphony music

matinee - утренний спектакль

performance - спектакль

show

concert

drama

comedy

musical

musical comedy

tragedy

first night - премьера

gala performance - гала-представление

preview - предварительный показ

 

Theatre premises

cloak room = check room - гардероб

auditorium = house - зрительный зал

concert hall - зал

orchestra pit - оркестровая яма

lobby = foyer - фойе

refreshment room - буфет

stage - сцена

box office - билетная касса

reserve - заказать

 

Concert hall

seat - место

row - ряд

aisle - проход

in the stalls - в партере

in the orchestra stalls - в первых рядах партера

in the pit stalls - в задних рядах партера

in the pit - в амфитеатре

in the dress-circle - в бельэтаже

in the upper-circle - в первом ярусе (верхний ярус)

in the balcony - на балконе

in a box - в ложе

in the gallery - на галерке

 

During the performance

compartment - отделение

interval = intermission - антракт

to be on the programme - быть в программе

the lights went down - огни погасли

act - действие

scenes - сцены

scenery = scenes = sets - декорации

behind the scenes = backstage - за кулисами

dressing room - артистическая уборная

wings - кулисы

curtain - занавес

lower - опускать

signal - звонок

 

Actors and staff

cast of actors - состав актеров

role rehearse - репетиция роли

produce on the stage - ставить на сцене

production - постановка пьесы

company - труппа

player - актер

guest artist - приглашенный артист

character - действующее лицо

main characters - главные действующие лица (play main roles)

minor characters - второстепенные действующие лица (play minor roles)

leading actor - главная роль

director - режиссер

setting-designer - художник-декоратор

producing group - постановочная группа

producer - продюсер

composer - композитор

conductor - дирижер

stagemanager - режиссер-распорядитель

costumier - костюмер

make-up person - гример

light effects person - осветитель

sound effects person - звукооператор

stagehand - рабочий сцены

usher - билетер

 

Audience

audience - публика

spectator - зритель

theatre-goer - театрал

it is advisable - рекомендуется

applaud - аплодировать

applause - аплодировать

entertainment - развлечение

curtain call - вызов на сцену

 

Dialogues

At the box office window

Man: May I have 2 tickets for this evening's performance, please?

Cashier: Do you have reservations?

M: No. Are there any good seats left?

C: Yes, I have a few. I can give you very good seats either in the orchestra or in the first balcony, third row.

M: Good. I like the seats in the balcony better than those on the main floor. Give me two, please, on the aisle if possible. Do you have programs here?

C: No. You can get them from the usher at the main entrance.

M: Thank you very much. Good bye!

 

By Irina , 5 May 2013

Do or make

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English
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В английском языке есть два глагола do и make, которые очень часто путают, т.к. они означают почти одно и тоже  - делать. Выбор того или другого глагола зависит от конкретной фразы. Однако, некоторая логика прослеживается и не все фразы придется заучивать наизусть. Давайте подробнее разберем перевод этих глаголов:

DO

делать, выполнять, осуществлять, исполнять, совершать, поступать (выполнять работу, задания, задачи, действия)

to do exercises

to do housework

to do homework

to do the dishes

to do the ironing

to do nothing

 

MAKE

делать, создавать, конструировать, изготавливать, творить, производить, составить (часто мы создаем что-то, что можно потом взять в руки)

to make a dress

to make a meal

to make money

 

Далее с примерами, рассмотрим фразы с глаголами DO и MAKE

Примеры:

phrase example
do  
do one's best I did my best - what else could I do?
do a lot of damage He crashed the car and did a lot of damage to it.
do some/ a lot of/ a bit of exercise I try and do a bit of exercise every day.
do harm Smoking does harm to your health.
do homework I did my homework.
do research Scientists will have to do more research into the problem.
do well She is doing very well at school, isn't she?
do good Our government doesn't do any good to our people.
do one's hair She did her hair before the party.
do one's nails She did her nails after washing up.
do the dishes He helped her do the dishes.
do French/ Maths (do a subject at school) We do Maths every day at school.
do a job The puppy did a job on the carpet.
do sums He helped him do sums in Maths.
do wonders He had found a good doctor who could do wonders for his health.
do some work Do some work and then we'll go for a drink.
do (the) housework She does the housework.
do the shopping We will do the shopping for you!
do the ironing Who has done the ironing for you?
do the laundry If I have time tomorrow, I'll do the laundry.
do badly (do worse) We might do worse.
make  
make an attempt She made an attempt to break the world record.
make a cake  /  pizza How did your son learn to make his own pizzas?
make the / some coffee I'm just making some coffee if you want some.
make an effort You'll have to make more of an effort if you want to succeed.
make an excuse The pupil made an excuse after being late for the lesson.
make a fortune He made a fortune out of importing expensive cars.
make fun of smb/smth You shouldn't make fun of the way people talk.
make a mess (of smth) I tried to fix the car myself but I made a complete mess of it.
make a mistake If I've made a mistake, I'll correct it.
make money She made a lot of money as a model.
make a noise Who made that noise?
make notes Did you make notes as the lecturer was speaking?
make an offer I'll make you an offer you can't refuse.
make progress Have you made much progress with your Spanish?
make sense of smth I can't make sense of what you are saying. Speak more slowly.
make one's way back/ home The last bus had gone so I made my way home on foot.
make an appointment They made an appointment and went home.
make a difference / make no difference The law will make no difference to my business.
make a living He's trying to make a living by giving lessons.
make a profit You'll make a profit one day - just don't give up!
make the bed Who will make the bed?
make a suggestion He is good at making suggestions.
make a decision You are too young to make such decisions!
make a will If you don't have children it is important to make a will.
make a discovery Who made a discovery of penicillin?
make an excuse She made an excuse for being late.
make a fire First of all we had to make a fire and then put up a tent.
make a wish Make a wish before blowing out your birthday candles!
make friends It's not easy to make friends when you are 60.
make the best of it

It was a difficult speech to give, but I think she made the best of a bad job.

The room they've given us is too small really, but we'll just have to make the best of it.

 

By Irina , 5 May 2013

Расчлененные вопросы (tag questions)

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English
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Sentense types and word order
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В этом конспекте, я более подробно остановлюсь на специфических случаях расчлененных вопросов.

 

I am on the list, aren't I?

I'm not on the list, am I?

 

Let's surprise them, shall we?

Let's go for a walk, shall we?

 

There isn't any danger, is there?

There's not much we can do about it, is there?

 

Повелительные предложения, расчлененный вопрос делает такие предложение более вежливым:

Turn the sound down, will you? (polite)

Turn the sound down, won't you? (informal)

Pass the salt, will you \ would you \ could you?

Clear the table, will you?

Be careful, won't you?

Have a drink, won't you? (informal offer)

 

После someone, somebody, everybody, everyone, no one etc. в вопросе будет they:

Everybody is sleeping, aren't they?

No one wants to come, do they?

Someone has been in here, haven't they?

 

После nothing, something, everything  в вопросе будет местоимение it:

Nothing happened, did it?

 

Примеры глаголов в расчлененных вопросах:

verb in statement verb in tag examples
statement without an auxiliary or modal do You like him, don't you?
be be This is yours, isn't it?
have (=possess) do You don't have a watch, do you?
have got have You haven't got a brother, have you?
have (=auxiliary) have You haven't seen Joe, have you?
do do You do aerobics, don't you?
can can She can swim, can't she?
could could We could do better, couldn't we?
may might It may rain, mightn't it?
will will You won't tell them, will you?
would would He'd like that, wouldn't he?
needn't need We needn't come, need we?
must must We mustn't make a noise, must we?
have to do We have to work harder, don't we?
need to do She needs to be there, doesn't she?

 

By Irina , 5 May 2013

Вопросительные слова (question words)

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Grammar topic
Sentense types and word order
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Эта тема является продолжением тем - специальные вопросы и вопросы к подлежащему.

Вопросы к подлежащему задаются с помощью следующих вопросительных слов what, who, which, whose, how many, how much.

Когда мы спрашиваем о подлежащем в предложении, порядок слов в вопросе и ответе один и тот же:

Tom passed the exam.

Who passed the exam?

Who did pass the exam?

Вопросы к остальным членам предложения задаются с помощью вспомогательных глаголов (do, have, is etc.) перед подлежащим:

Tom passed the exam.

What did Tom pass?

 

Таблица вопросительных слов с примерами:

question word example: subject question example: object question
who Who is teaching you? Who do you know here?
what What caused the problem? What film did you see?
what kind of What kind of people live here? What kind of TV programmes do you watch?
which Which book sold most? Which picture do you like?
whose Whose book won the prize? Whose book did you borrow?
how many How many pupils came to the lesson? How many people did you see?
why   Why did you come so late?
when   When did you go to London?
how   How do I get to your house?
how far   How far is the college from here?
how long   How long does it take to get there?
how often   How often do you go swimming?

Позиция предлогов в вопросительных предложениях.

I gave the book to John.

Who did you give the book to?

To whom did you give the book? (formal)

She sent the letters from India.

Where did she send the letters from?

From where did she send the letters? (formal)

 

WHAT or WHICH?

Мы употребляем what, когда выбор "открытый", т.е. выбор ничем не ограничен, т.к. количество возможных ответов заранее неизвестно.

What colour do you like?

What countries have you visited?

Мы употребляем which, когда выбор ограниченный, т.е. количество ответов уже заранее известно.

Which colour do you prefer, red or blue?

Which countries in South America have you visited?

 

 

 

By Irina , 4 May 2013

Easter Poems and Verses

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English
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Пасхальные поздравления и стихи на английском языке


Happy Easter!

Let us give thanks to
the risen Lord
for His glorious
gift of life
Wishing You
A Blessed Easter Season

+

Sing to the Lord a new song!
For flowers and bunnies and
birds that sing.
We thank you, Lord,
for everything.
Blessings on You at Easter


+
Face to face with Christ my Savior,
?Face to face, what shall it be, ?
When at last I shall behold Him, ?
Jesus Christ who died for me.
Face to face I shall behold Him, ?
Far beyond the starry sea,
?Face to face in all His Glory,
?Jesus Christ who died for Me.

+
Easter Story for Kids
By Jon Bratton 2009

Do you know the story of Easter?
Of course you get Easter eggs so yummy
But Easter is about much more
Than just good things for your tummy

It is a Christian Church Festival
Held every Spring
About the death of Jesus...that's bad
And his coming to life again...Good Thing !

Palm Sunday is a week before Easter
It celebrates when Jesus rode into Jerusalem town
On a donkey, which walked over
All the coats that the people threw down

The people who didn’t have coats?
Went to the fields where they found?
Palm branches which they spread?
All across the ground

These people knew that Jesus was special.
It was like when a King comes to town,
They didn’t have a red carpet
So they laid their coats, and branches down.

And to this day a donkey is special
Because it carried Jesus with care
If you look at the back of a donkey
You’ll see a cross is still there

Next comes the day of the Last Supper
Maundy Thursday, when Judas was Jesus’ enemy
For silver money, he betrayed his friend
In the Garden of Gethsemane

Maundy means commandment
Jesus said at the Last Supper“I am your brother
As I have loved you
You must love one another”

The Queen of Britain gives money
Every Maundy Day
To people who are old
And no longer get any pay

The next day is Good Friday
The day Jesus was crucified
Two days later, on Easter Sunday he said
"I've come back...coz I've just un-died

He didn't stay long with his friends
He didn't die, but rather
He went straight up to Heaven
To join God, which art (who was) His Father

The word Easter comes from Eostre
The name of a Saxon godd-ess
Who found a little bird
In a little bit of a mess

The poor bird couldn't fly
It had lost more than a feather
So the goddess turned it into a hare
To survive the Winter weather

The hare found it could lay eggs
Which was a very strange thing
So it decorated the eggs and gave them
To the goddess every Spring

If you think that a hare laying eggs
Is so very funny
Remember,
that's why we have Easter eggs
And of course, the Easter Bunny

+

The Easter feeling does not end.?
It signals a new beginning,?
Of nature, spring, and brand new life,?
And friendship, peace, and giving.
?The spirit of Easter is all about?
Hope, love, and joyful living.

+
Things are different now
Something happened to me
When I gave my life to Jesus Christ
Things I loved before
Have passed away
Things I never loved
Have come to stay
Things are different now
Something happened to me
When I surrendered my life to Jesus Christ

+ Christian Easter Poems +

Easter is a promise God renews to us each spring
?A promise that we’ll always have Him there,?
And like the flowers that bloom so bright?
And birds that sweetly sing,?
We always will receive His tender care,?
A promise that He’ll hold us up?
Each time we start to fall?
And see us through each hour of care and strife.?
Easter is God’s promise?
That His love rules over all,
?And through Him?
We will have eternal life.

Amanda Bradley
+

Easter Is a Time of Love
Easter is a time of love,
A time of death and pain undone,
So we may know the power of
The love that lives in each one.
Each love we feel, unstained and free,
Redeems us-as with you and me.

By Irina , 30 April 2013

Сайты полезные для изучения английского языка.

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Каждый день на свет появляются десятки новых сайтов, позволяющих расширить наши знания по английскому языку. Как же нам разобраться во всем многообразии предлагаемого и при этом не потерять много часов своего времени (а иногда и дней-недель). Будучи преподавателем более 10 лет, у меня собралась копилка из таких сайтов, и я с удовольствием поделюсь ссылками с вами!

Интересные сайты «посмотреть, послушать»

Lyricstraining - отличный сайт для любителей музыки, на сайте много клипов с текстами (можно петь как караоке) и есть задания, по уровням сложности: легкий, средний, сложный.

Free Documentaries Online -  если у вас продвинутый уровень английского - это то, что вам нужно! Здесь вы посмотрите 2000 документальных фильмов на любые темы, узнаете много нового и потренируете восприятие речи на слух. Можно использовать для подготовки курсовых и рефератов.

Top Documentary Films как видно из названия, это похожий на предыдущий ресурс, тоже очень много документальных фильмов.

Ororo.tv – фильмы с субтитрами и встроенным переводчиком (русский язык), подходит для всех уровней.

News In Levels– любите политические новости, или новости культуры, или спортивные новости – этот сайт для вас. Этот ресурс подойдет всем изучающим английский язык, т.к. есть деление по уровням! Все новости озвучены, и темп речи отличается на каждом уровне.

CNN Students News  - по будням выходит 1 ролик с новостями (около 10 минут), также есть текс в pdf формате и задания (вопросы) по теме новостей – этот сайт будет интересен и преподавателям.

Voice of America - и еще один сайт с новостями, но это уже американский вариант английского языка. Есть звуковая дорожка и печатный текст. Так же по каждой новости есть задания – этот сайт также пригодится преподавателям.

The Bob and Rob Show - все темы построены в форме диалогов. Можно слушать on-line или закачать с сайта (платный ресурс).

EnglishPod  - 10-15 минутные уроки, дается диалог и потом его подробно разбирают, дают примеры и на сайте есть задания после изучения темы. Есть подразделение на уровни. Но на мой взгляд, сайт немного сложно понять, не сразу можно разобраться где и что можно скачать и как проверить задания, после их выполнения. Но темы очень жизненные и полезные!

Listening Lesson Library - диалоги на интересные темы и очень большое разнообразие акцентов, т.к. интервью берутся у людей со всего мира!

English Central  - смотрим видео, делаем упражнения, произносим диалоги и вас проверяют! (конечно автомат проверяет) Все материалы разделены на 3 уровня.

On-line словари и работа с вокабуляром

Macmillan Dictionary - отличный словарь, переводит словосочетания, фразовые глаголы, идиоматические выражения, дает синонимы и много примеров.

 Visual Dictionary Online - простой в использовании сайт, хорошие картинки и есть игры для закрепления материала по теме.

Language Guide  - еще один сайт для новичков – картинки с аудио – все слова произносят четко, и есть транскрипция.

Learning Chocolate - платформа для изучения слов – очень интересно будет детям, т.к. все красочно и как в игрушке! Много заданий на отработку слов и потом есть даже словарные диктанты – для учеников 8-18 лет, хотя и взрослые получат огромное удовольствие поучиться! Полезно будет и учителям, при подготовке к занятиям.

Learn in Pictures еще один сайт в картинках – можно распечатывать таблицы. После таблиц дается вокабуляр по теме.

Отрабатывать грамматику советую на следующих сайтах

English Grammar - много упражнений (с ответами) и теории грамматики, так же интересные видео объяснения.

English Page – упражнения, игры, форум, словарь. Советую посмотреть форум – можно найти друзей по переписке, а если подбираете школу за пределами России, то на форуме можно почерпнуть много информации об интересующих вас школах за рубежом.

Grammar Lessons - теоретическая грамматика и упражнения – простое меню и все задания разбиты на уровни  - удобный сайт для новичков!

Правописание довольно сложный момент в изучение языка, так что помогут следующие ресурсы:

How to Spell - смотрите внимательно, интересные задания на отработку суффиксов и префиксов, часто встречающихся ошибок и непроизносимых букв. Одним словом, все, что нужно для чистописания на сайте есть!

BBC Skills in Writing - этот сайт не только на тему правописания, но и хороший помощник в области письменной речи: смотрите страницы «как заполнять анкеты», «как написать эссе» и многие другие.

И наконец,

Cambridge Exams /   - самый главный сайт для того, кто хочет сдавать международные экзамены.

Splendid Speaking - очень приятный сайт для тех, кто хочет попрактиковаться в разговорной речи! Дается детальный разбор разговорной части экзаменов, с уровня выше среднего.

Flo-Joe - это дружественный сайт с предыдущим, тоже очень полезен для самостоятельной подготовке к международным экзаменам. Можно присылать свои письменные работы на этот сайт и они их проверят!

By Irina , 30 April 2013

Idioms about dating and romance

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English
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She likes me!

Tom: I think Jane likes me.

Sam: In your dreams! (Мечтать не вредно!)

Tom: No, really, I'm sure she does.

Sam: No way! She never even looks at you. (Бесполезно, ничего подобного!)

Tom: Exactly! That means one of two things: either she's embarrassed because she fancies me, or she's playing hard to get. (Строить из себя недотрогу, набивать цену)

Sam: Tom, there is a third possibility......

 

Gossip

Mavis: Have you heard about Jane's boyfrend?

Helen: The one she's been going steady with for about six months? (постоянно встречаться)

Mavis: No. He's history. Jane's got a new one. (Он в прошлом.)

Helen: That's fast.

Mavis: Yes. And he's younger than her! Oh!..... Hello, Jane.

Jane: Haven't you got anything better to do than gossip about other people? Get a life! (Займитесь делом! - не очень вежливое выражение)

 

Drop-dead gorgeous

"Dear Romance Magazine

My boyfriend is drop-dead gorgeous (потрясающе красив), kind and sensitive, and we have a great relationship. He's also very tall. (I have a thing about (иметь пунктик насчет, помешаться) tall men, so that's important to me too!) The problem is that I want to get married and have children, but he doesn't. I love him, but I know he's never going to pop the question (сделать предложение). What should I do? 

Julie (London)"

 

Love at first sight

There is a romantic story about the nineteenth-century revolutionary, Garibaldi.
He was on his ship entering a port when he saw a beautiful woman standing on the shore.
"That is the woman I am going to marry", he said. It was love at first sight (любовь с первого взгляда). The woman, when she met him, was swept off her feet (очаровать - sweep someone off someone's feet) by his good looks (привлекательная внешность) and personality.
They were married within days and only had eyes for (восхищаться) each other for the rest of their lives.


Dating dilemma

On the first date, who should pay for meals, drinks, tickets etc.?
In the old days, the man would pick up the tab (платить по счету), but nowadays nobody is quite sure.
Will the woman think he's a dinosaur if he pays? Or will she think he's mean if he doesn't?
Will the man be grateful if the woman suggest they go Dutch (платить каждый за себя) or will he be insulted?
There is no right answer. You just have to play it by ear (действовать по обстановке). Be sensitive to your partner's feelings and you'll probably get it right.

 

Brains and beauty

A Hollywood actress once met the British philosopher, Bertrand Russell. Whereas he was quite ugly, she turned heads (привлекать внимание, вызывать восхищение) wherever she went.
She was rather full of herself (самовлюбленный) and said to Russell, "They say I'm the most beautiful woman in the world, and I hear you're the smartest man. Imagine if we had a child with your brains and my beauty."
Russell, who was never lost for words (не находить нужных слов), replied, "Imagine if it had my beauty and your brains."

 

Broken heart

Almost as soon as he met her, he fell head over heels (влюбился по уши) for her. They had six wonderful months together, and then she left. It broke his heart (разбить сердце, очень сильно расстроить), and a year later he's only beginning to pick up the pieces (оправиться, поправить дело).

 

Lottie's diary

I finished reading "Bridget Jones's Diary" by Helen Fielding today.
It's a very popular book, and I loved it because Bridget and I are in the same boat (в одинаковом положении):
we're both looking for Mr Right (искать принца) (without success), and trying to become famous in our careers (without success),
and we're both sure that we'll get there as soon as we can lose weight, get fit and generally get our act together (взять себя в руки).

 

A film scene

In the film Four Weddings and a Funeral, Hugh Grant meets an old friend, and asks him, "How are you, and how's tour girlfriend?"
The man replies, "She's not my girlfriend any more."
"That's good", says Grant, "You probably didn't know, but she was two-timing (изменять) you with someone else."
The man looks deeply shocked and says, "She's my wife now."
Hugh Grant realises he has put his foot in it (совершить бестактный поступок, попасть впросак), and he kicks himself (проклинать себя) for being so stupid.

 

By Irina , 24 April 2013

Путешествие на поезде (travelling by train)

Language
English
Body

railway station / railroad station
platform
trains come in and go out
carriage - вагон
sleeping (sleeper) carriage - спальный вагон
first class carriage - международный вагон
second class
third class
non-smoker - вагон для некурящих
smoker/ smoking car
rack - полка
facing the engine - по ходу движения поезда
seat - место
the first (second) sitting - первая (вторая) смена в вагоне ресторане
a dining car - вагон-ресторан
a luggage van - багажный вагон
luggage rack - багажная полка
passenger
late-comer - опоздавший
porters - носильщики
truck - тележка
suitcase

slow train - обычный почтово-пассажирский поезд
express - скорый поезд
through train - поезд прямого сообщения
long-distance train - поезд дальнего следования
local train - местный поезд
suburban - пригородный
change trains - сделать пересадку

bookstalls - книжный киоск
a station master - начальник станции
booking office / ticket office - билетная касса
railway fare - плата за ж.д. проезд
ticket for a train to London- билет на поезд
book for a train - заказать билет на поезд
single ticket - билет в одну сторону, в один конец
return / roundtrip ticket - билет "туда-обратно"
ticket collector - контролер
left-luggage hall/ office/ room - камера хранения
register the luggage - сдать вещи в багажный вагон


Phrases

I want a ticket to....\ I would like a ticket to....   - Мне нужен билет до....
Does the train go direct to....? - Этот поезд идет прямо до .....?
Yes, it's a through train. - Да, это прямой поезд.
Do I have to change? - Мне надо делать пересадку?
You should change at.... - Вам надо делать пересадку в .....
When does the train arrive at....? - Когда поезд прибывает в...?
Which platform is for the..... train? - С какой платформы отходит поезд на...?
Which train must I take? - На какой поезд я должен сесть?
Where can I register my luggage? - Где можно сдать вещи в багаж?
Where is the booking-office? - Где билетная касса?
Where is the left-luggage office? - Где камера хранения?

Как мне добраться отсюда туда? - How can I get to this place from here?
Какие поезда идут в Чикаго? - Which line goes to Chicago?
Два билета туристического класса. - I would like two tourist class tickets.
Я хотел бы забронировать место на этом поезде. - I'd like to reserve a seat on this train.
Мне нужно делать пересадку? - Do I have to change trains?
Где мне делать пересадку? - Where should I change trains?
С какой платформы отправляется поезд? - Which platform does the train depart from?
Я опоздал на поезд. Когда идет следующий? - I missed the train. When does the next one depart?
 Этот поезд идет в Лондон? - This train goes to London, doesn't it?
Как долго будет задержка. - How long is the delay?
Это поезд скорый или пригородный? - Is this train an express or a local?
Здесь есть вагон ресторан? - Is there a dining car?
Вагон-ресторан в начале или в хвосте поезда? - Is the dining car at the front or rear of the train?
Это место занято? - Is this seat taken?
Я думаю, это место мое. - I think this is my seat.
Я предпочитаю место у окна. - I prefer a seat by the window.
Здесь очень жарко ( холодно ) - It is very hot (cold) here.
Можно открыть окно? - May I open the window?
Где мы сейчас проезжаем? - Where are we passing now?
Сколько времени поезд здесь стоит? - How long does the train stop here?
Где следующая остановка? - Where is the next stop?
На какой остановке мне выходить? - Which stop should I get off at?
Сколько остановок отсюда? - How many stops from here?
До скольких работает метро? - How late does the subway run?

 

By Irina , 23 April 2013

Ресторанная лексика или в ресторан на английском языке

Language
English
Body

Good appetite!    Bon appetite!
 

Содержание

Типы ресторанов и закусочных
Типы меню / обслуживания
Разделы меню
Сервировка стола
Столовые приборы и сервиз
Алкоголь
Кофе
Приправы
Мясные блюда
Птица
Яйца
Гарниры
Морепродукты
Десерт
Хлеб
Обслуживание
Фразы
Диалоги

Types of Restaurants

Canteen
Café/ coffee shop
Takeout = take away food – заведение, готовящее еду на вынос.
Doughnut bar –бар, торгующий пончиками
Pub
Cafeteria
Diner – закусочная, придорожный ресторан (вагончик)
Fast food restaurant
Luxury restaurant
Expensive restaurant

Different menus

Buffet – «шведский стол», фуршет
A la carte – порционные блюда из меню, можно выбрать по отдельности
Table d’hote – комплексный обед (из нескольких блюд) по фиксированной цене (A dinner of four courses – обед из четырех блюд)

Chapters in menu

Aperitif - аперитив
Appetizers - закуски
Cold platter = hors d’oeuvre – холодные закуски (мясная нарезка)
Soup = the first course – первое блюдо, суп
Entrée = the main course – горячее блюдо, основное
Side dish = garnish
Sweets = dessert
Wine card
Cheeseboard – сырная тарелка


On the table

Table cloth
Napkins
Salt shaker = saltcellar
Pepper shaker = pepper pot
Sugar bowl
Cruet of oil
Sauce
Ash-tray (in smoking zone)

Cutlery

Plate
Bottom plate – низкая тарелка
Soup plate
Knife – knives
Fish knife
Butter knife
Fork
Table fork – вилка для второго
Fish fork
Dessert fork
Spoon
Soup spoon
Tae spoon
Dish
Carafe – графин
Glass
Cup and saucer
Tea pot
Coffee pot
Straw
Corkscrew


Alcohol, Wine list = wine card

Beverages
Soft drinks
Water
Fizzy = sparkling water
Still water
Low-alcohol drinks
Beer = ale
Lager – светлое пиво
Bitter – горькое пиво (pint – 0.57 l,   half a pint)
Cider
Wine
Sweet wine
Semi-sweet = demi-doux – полусладкое
Half-dry = demi-see  - полусухое
Dry wine
House red
House white
Champagne
Liqueur
Cocktails
Hard drinks = Hot drinks = Spirits
Whiskey
Cognac
Rum

Coffee

Espresso = Strong black coffee
Americano
Cappuccino
Café latte
Iced coffee
Coffee liqueurs
Irish coffee (espresso + whisky + cream)
Decaf coffee = decaffeinated
Black coffee
White coffee
Tea
Cream tea
Milk shake – молочный коктейль

Dressings

Salt
Pepper
Sugar
Cream
Mustard
Ketchup
Syrup
Salad dressing

Meat course

Lamb - мясо ягненка
lamb chops
Lamb’s brain
Pork - свинина
Pork sausages
pork chop - свиная отбивная
Pig’s kidney
Pig’s blood
A leg of pork
Beef - говядина
Stewing beef / steak - тушеная говядина
Oxtail - бычий хвост
Ox tongue - говяжий язык
A fillet of beef
Sausage
Mutton - баранина
A shoulder of mutton
Veal - телятина
Veal cutlets
Veal escalopes
A shoulder of veal
Calf’s liver - телячья печень
Calf’s heart
Calf’s foot
Sheep’s head
Venison – оленина

Roastbeef
Meatballs биточки
Cutlets
Meat dumplings - пельмени
Liver - печень
Steak

Poultry - птица

Chicken
Duck
Goose
Turkey
Partridge / grouse – куропатка

Eggs
Boiled egg
Omelette
Fried eggs
Hard boiled eggs
Soft-boiled eggs
Scrambled eggs

Trimmings

Spaghetti
Macaroni
Noodles
Ravioli
Lasagna

Potatoes
Mashed
Baked potato
Roast potatoes
Potatoes done in their jackets

Seafood

fish
shellfish - моллюски
Salmon - семга
Jellied – заливное
Plaice – камбала
Crabmeat – крабы
Shrimp – креветки
Grouper – морской окунь
Lobster – омар
Prawn - креветки
Mussel – мидия
Sturgeon – осетрина
Sardines – сардины
Herring  - сельдь
Pikeperch – судак
Oyster – устрицы
Trout – форель
Pike – щука
Sole - морской язык
Cod - треска
Haddock - пикша
Eel - угорь
Mackerel - скумбрия

Desserts

Ice-cream (for the sweet)
Cake
2 lumps of sugar
pancakes with …..
tart
sweets
apple pie
pudding
empanada
Shortbread
cookies
marmalade
croissant
honey
candy
jam
jelly
bun
strawberries
raspberries
biscuit
berries
nuts

Bread

Rye bread
White bread
Brown bread
Crumpets
Scones
roll

 

Каша - Porridge
Каша гречневая - Boiled buckwheat
Каша манная - Cooked semolina
Каша овсяная - Porridge
Каша перловая - Boiled pearl barley
Каша пшённая - Millet porridge
Каша рисовая - Cream of rice



Flavour

Bitter - горький
Spicy - острый
Sweet - сладкий
Sour - кислый
Salty - соленый
Tasteless - безвкусный
Bland - нежный
Creamy - жирный, сливочный
Crisp - хрустящий
Stodgy - густой
Mild - неострый, мягкий
Savory - пикантный
Delicious - вкусный
Sickly - тошнотворный

Service

Waitress
Waiter
Service included
Service charge or tip

Phrases

We would like a table for 5, please.
I’d like to make a reservation for four at 5 p.m. for Smith.

I prefer French cuisine.
I’d like to make an order.
I would like to have dinner.
What would you recommend? = What do you recommend?
What is the special of the house?  – Какое фирменное блюдо в этом ресторане?
What are your specialties?
Menu, please.
May I have the menu and the wine list, please?
Do you serve vegetarian food?
Is there an English menu?
What kind of soup are you serving today?
What’s the cocktail of the day?
I’ll have the same thing.
I’ll have this.
How long will it take?
I’ll just have a ham sandwich.
Would you like fried, baked or mashed potatoes?
Medium rare, please.
Well done, please.
What kind of wine do you have?
I’d like a bottle of white wine.
How much is a whole bottle?
How much is a glass?
I’d like a cup of coffee.
May I have a glass of water?
Could you bring some extra napkins?
This isn’t what I ordered! I ordered….

Check, please.
May we have the bill?
May I pay by a credit card?

Please, excuse me for a moment.
What a delicious meal, thank you so much.
We had a great time, thank you.

Smoking or non-smoking section?

This way, please.

May I take your order? = Are you ready to order? – not yet, give us a second, please.
What drink would you prefer before dinner? = Would you like to have a drink first?

How would you like it? – Как вам  приготовить?
Would you like a dessert?
That’s on the house. – это за счет заведения.


Dialogues

Let’s go to the restaurant, shall we? – Пойдем в ресторан, а?
Yes, let’s. – Пойдем.
Would you like that table for two at the window? – Вас устроит тот столик на двоих возле окна?
Yes, that will do nicely. – Да, вполне.
What would you like to start with? – С чего бы вы хотели начать?
Tomato juice, please. – С томатного сока.
What will you have for the sweet? – Что вы возьмете на сладкое?


Have you chosen anything, sir?
A salad, please, to begin with.
Yes, sir. Anything else?
Yes, I think I’ll have the curry, please.
Would you like anything for desert?
Coffee, please.

Mr. Johnson: Shall we have dinner in this restaurant? They serve very good meals here, and the prices are quite reasonable.
Mr. Campbell: Well, you lead. You should know better.
In the restaurant.
J: What shall we have? A full course, I suppose? I’m awfully hungry.
C: So am I. and I’m thirsty, too.
J: Then let’s have a glass of mineral water first or some orange juice.
C: I prefer orange juice with ice.
J: Waiter! Iced orange juice and a glass of mineral water, please. Now let’s see the menu. And here is the wine card, too. How about some hard drinks?
C: I wouldn’t mind having a brandy.
J: So, it’s one brandy. And it’s whisky and soda for me. Now comes the starters. What do you suggest?
C: A salad would do, I think.
J: And I think I’ll have shrimps. Now for the soup.
C: Shall we have chicken broth?
J: I’d better take tomato soup. For the fish and meat courses they have broiled salmon, lamb chops and roast beef.
C: I won’t have any fish course. I’ll just try the roast beef.
J: And I don’t want any meat. I’d rather order perch. Now what is there for desert? Apples, pears, strawberry ice-cream, rice pudding….. What do you say to ice-cream?
C: Well, I don’t mind.
J: So, that’s settled: two ices.
After dinner
J: Well, how did you find the dinner?
C: It was really fine.
J: Waiter, how much is our bill?

 

 

English